The World Health Organisation (WHO) has said that up to 45 per cent of dementia cases worldwide could be prevented or delayed by addressing key lifestyle and environmental risk factors.
In updated guidelines released on Wednesday, the global health agency urged governments, healthcare providers and individuals to prioritise preventive measures such as quitting smoking, limiting alcohol intake, staying physically active, managing chronic health conditions and reducing exposure to air pollution.
According to the WHO, dementia is one of the world’s leading public health challenges. It is currently the seventh leading cause of death globally and a major cause of disability and dependency among older adults.
The organisation explained that dementia is not a normal part of ageing but a syndrome caused by diseases that damage the brain. It gradually affects memory, thinking, behaviour and the ability to perform everyday tasks, often placing a significant emotional and financial burden on families and caregivers.
The WHO noted that evidence shows nearly half of dementia cases could be prevented or delayed by addressing modifiable risk factors throughout life. These include smoking, harmful alcohol use, physical inactivity, obesity, high blood pressure, diabetes, hearing loss, depression, social isolation, low educational attainment and prolonged exposure to air pollution.
The health agency called on countries to strengthen public health policies that promote healthy lifestyles, improve access to quality healthcare and encourage early detection and management of conditions linked to dementia risk.
WHO added that while there is currently no cure for most forms of dementia, adopting healthier habits and addressing preventable risk factors can significantly lower the likelihood of developing the condition and improve quality of life as people age.
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